Strengths and Weaknesses of Arguments Reasoning Questions
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1.
Electric cars produce zero emissions while driving. Therefore, switching to electric cars will solve air pollution problems in cities. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken this argument?
Electric cars are more expensive than gas-powered cars
The electricity used to charge these cars often comes from fossil fuel power plants
Electric cars have a shorter driving range than gas-powered cars
Not all car manufacturers produce electric models
2.
A health expert claims that a daily multivitamin supplement is essential for optimal health. Which of the following, if true, most weakens this claim?
Multivitamins are widely available and affordable
Many people have nutritional deficiencies
Studies show that most people can get necessary nutrients from a balanced diet alone
Some vitamins are better absorbed when taken in supplement form
3.
Countries with stricter environmental regulations have cleaner air. Therefore, implementing stricter environmental regulations will always lead to cleaner air. What assumption does this argument make?
All countries have similar industrial activities
Clean air is the most important environmental goal
There is a direct causal relationship between regulations and air quality
All countries have the resources to enforce strict regulations
4.
A politician argues that increasing funding for after-school programs will reduce juvenile crime rates. Which of the following, if true, most strengthens this argument?
Juvenile crime rates have been steadily increasing in recent years
After-school programs are popular among students
Cities with well-funded after-school programs have lower juvenile crime rates
Implementing after-school programs is costly
5.
A study finds that people who drink coffee live longer on average. Therefore, drinking coffee causes increased longevity. What is the main weakness of this argument?
The study may not have controlled for other factors
Not everyone likes the taste of coffee
The study doesn't specify how much coffee was consumed
Coffee can have negative side effects
6.
Students who participate in extracurricular activities have higher GPAs. Therefore, schools should make participation in extracurricular activities mandatory. What assumption does this argument make?
All students enjoy extracurricular activities
Participation in activities directly causes higher GPAs
Schools have enough resources for all students to participate
Higher GPAs lead to better career prospects
7.
A company claims that their new weight loss supplement is effective because users lost an average of 10 pounds in one month. Which of the following, if true, most weakens this claim?
The study did not include a control group
Participants also followed a strict diet and exercise regimen
The supplement has no known side effects
The study was conducted over a short period
8.
Company X's customer satisfaction increased after they implemented a new return policy. Therefore, all companies should implement similar return policies to increase customer satisfaction. What is the main flaw in this argument?
The new return policy may be costly for the company
Not all products are suitable for liberal return policies
The argument generalizes based on a single case
Some customers may abuse lenient return policies
9.
Countries with higher education spending have higher test scores. Therefore, increasing education spending will always lead to better academic performance. What assumption does this argument make?
All countries have similar education systems
Test scores are the best measure of academic performance
There is a direct causal relationship between spending and performance
All students have equal access to educational resources
10.
Students who attend private schools have higher college acceptance rates. Therefore, private schools provide a better education than public schools. Which of the following identifies the main flaw in this argument?
Private schools are more expensive than public schools
The argument doesn't consider other factors affecting college acceptance
Not all students want to attend college
Public schools have larger class sizes
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